What is mumps? What are the manifestations, complications, causes, tests, and treatments for mumps?

What is mumps? What are the manifestations, complications, causes, tests, and treatments for mumps?

What is mumps? What are the manifestations, complications, causes, tests, and treatments for mumps?

What is mumps?
Mumps is inflammation of the parotid gland. After mumps is obtained, the most typical manifestation is that the gangster is repeatedly swollen. The mouth of the parotid gland (in the mouth, which is commonly known as the "big tooth") has redness or secretion, sometimes accompanied by Have systemic symptoms such as fever and weakness. The parotid gland is located in front of the ear, which is commonly known as the gangster. The main function of the parotid gland secretes saliva. There is a catheter in the middle of the parotid gland called the parotid duct, which is open on the inner surface of the scorpion, which is the buccal mucosa in the mouth. The main function is to introduce saliva secreted by the parotid gland into the oral cavity.

What is the cause of mumps?
Hemorrhea, also known as mumps, occurs mainly in children and is contagious and spreads through droplets, so patients need to be isolated. The main symptoms are swelling of the gangsters on both sides, pain, and sometimes accompanied by systemic problems such as fever.

What is rubella? What are the manifestations, complications, causes, tests, and treatments for rubella?

What is rubella? What are the manifestations, complications, causes, tests, and treatments for rubella?

What is rubella?
Rubella is a disease caused by rubella virus infection, which causes rash on the face and body. Rubella has been common in the past, often affecting a wide range of people in the winter and spring, but since the rubella vaccine, rubella is significantly less. School-age children are the most vulnerable to rubella virus infection, but adults are more likely to develop symptoms than children. The most serious harm to the rubella virus is the unborn fetus. If the pregnant woman is infected with the rubella virus, stillbirth, premature birth, or serious congenital malformation may occur.

What is the performance of rubella?
The incubation period of the rubella virus is usually 14 to 18 days, which means that after being infected with the rubella virus, symptoms may appear after two weeks.

• Performance of children: Children's symptoms are generally not serious, mainly due to the appearance of pink rash on the skin, low fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Low fever can occur at the same time as the rash, or it can occur 1 to 5 days before the rash. The rash can last from 1 to 8 days. In addition, it may be accompanied by conjunctivitis, soft palate mucosa (Forchheimer's plaque), acute thyroiditis.
• Performance of adolescents and adults: The symptoms of adolescents and adults are heavier than children and last longer. Adult rashes are similar to children, and there are also fevers and swollen lymph nodes. The difference is that adults also have joint pain, body aches, fatigue, poor appetite. Joint pain can last for 1 month. In addition, it can be accompanied by conjunctivitis, testicular pain and orchitis. 
• Performance of neonatal patients: After the pregnant mother is infected with rubella, the virus can be transmitted to the baby through the placenta. After birth, the baby will develop congenital rubella syndrome, which is manifested as: deafness, cataract, heart disease, mental retardation. Growth retardation, mental disorders, diabetes, etc.

What are the main treatments for infectious diseases?

For the treatment of infectious diseases, the editors of the medical/education/web editor have compiled the following main methods for the candidates of the chief physician of infectious diseases to prepare for reference.

1. General and supportive therapy: general therapy including isolation, care.

Patient isolation varies according to the route of transmission and the manner and timing of pathogen discharge. Good care is very important to ensure that the affected animals are in a comfortable and hygienic environment, the correct implementation of various diagnostic and therapeutic measures and close observation of the changes in the condition.

2. Supportive therapy: including proper nutrition.

Such as a variety of reasonable diets in different diseases, adequate supply of vitamins, enhance the patient's physical and immune functions, such as the application of various blood and immune products, as well as to maintain the necessary measures such as water and electrolyte balance. (Rehydration) These measures play an important role in mobilizing the body's defense and immune function.

3. Pathogens or special effects therapy: the treatment of pathogens has the role of clearing pathogens, to achieve the purpose of radical treatment and control of infectious sources.

Commonly used drugs are antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents and serum immunological preparations. The drugs against bacteria are mainly antibiotics and chemical agents, and the drugs against the virus are still in the experimental stage, and the efficacy is not satisfactory. Serum immunological preparations include tetanus antitoxin, interferon and interferon inducer.

Proper use of antibiotics should not be used. Otherwise, it may cause drug resistance, toxicity and dysbacteriosis.

Serum therapy: diagnosed, early, adequate.

Antibiotics, especially penicillin and antiserum, are prone to allergic reactions.

4. Symptomatic therapy: reduce or eliminate symptoms. Antipyretic, analgesic, calm, and strong heart to improve microcirculation. The animal is allowed to pass through a dangerous period, so that the body's immune function and pathogenic therapy can play its role in clearing pathogens, promoting and ensuring recovery.

5. Rehabilitation therapy Some infectious diseases such as polio and meningitis can cause a certain degree of sequelae, it is necessary to take acupuncture, physiotherapy and other treatments to promote rehabilitation.

6. Traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in adjusting the functions of various systems of the affected animals. Some Chinese medicines such as Coptis, Houttuynia cordata and Radix Isatidis have anti-microbial effects.