Diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases

The diagnosis is mainly based on medical records, pathological examinations, and photographic images (such as X-rays), but the most important diagnostic tool for infectious diseases is microbial culture. Appropriate substances are provided in the culture medium and placed in the patient sample culture, which is commonly used to diagnose bacterial infections of staphylococci or streptococci. Some vectors cannot be cultured manually, especially most viruses and leptospirosis. In the past, the use of serological markers for the examination of patients has been developed, including the use of antibodies as one of the examination methods. The updated technology can directly use the virus or pathogen-related proteins contained in blood or secretions as a polymerase chain reaction, which not only tests quickly but also greatly improves the accuracy.

Diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases

1. Identification of pathogens

In the past, according to the verification procedure of Koch's Law, it was possible to roughly confirm whether the pathogen of the disease is contagious. This rule successfully verified that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogen of tuberculosis; however, in many cases this rule cannot be operated as scheduled.


2. Confirm the popular range

The development of epidemiology is also very important for the study of diseases in ethnic groups. When infectious diseases break out, the incidents must be carefully subdivided into sporadic, endemic, epidemic, and pandemic, so that the medical team and the public health department can take Appropriate response measures.

When the test result is positive, it is necessary to know the sensitivity or antibiotic resistance of the pathogenic microorganism to the drug as soon as possible to determine the type and dose of antibiotic to be administered to the patient, and to give the patient the most favorable according to the antibiogram. The treatment can reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, thereby reducing the potential for resistance.