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| Classification management of infectious diseases |
Class A infectious diseases are also known as compulsory management of infectious diseases, including: plague, cholera. The time limit for reporting the epidemic after the occurrence of such an infectious disease, the isolation of the patient, the pathogen carrier, the treatment method, and the treatment of the epidemic point and the epidemic area are all enforced.
Class B infectious disease
Class B infectious diseases are also known as strict management of infectious diseases, including: infectious atypical pneumonia, AIDS, viral hepatitis, polio, human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza, measles, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, rabies, epidemics Japanese encephalitis, dengue fever, anthrax, bacterial and amoebic dysentery, tuberculosis, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, whooping cough, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus, scarlet fever, brucellosis, gonorrhea , syphilis, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, malaria, human infection with H7N9 avian influenza. Such infectious diseases must be prevented and controlled in strict accordance with relevant regulations and prevention programs. Among them, infectious atypical pneumonia, pulmonary anthrax in anthrax, and human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza are included in Category B, but they can directly take preventive and control measures for Class A infectious diseases.
Class B twenty-six infectious diseases
Burlap, one hundred hooks (tetanus, measles, brucellosis, whooping cough, leptospira)
Bird collection (tuberculosis), brain and liver (SARS, avian influenza, meningococcal meningitis, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis, Japanese encephalitis, hepatitis B)
Gray dog fever, red plum cold (polio, rabies, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, scarlet fever, syphilis, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever)
White rice boarding (leaving) AIDS (charcoal) (diphtheria, amoebic dysentery and bacterial dysentery, dengue fever, gonorrhea, AIDS, anthrax)
Class C infectious disease
Class C infectious diseases are also known as surveillance and management of infectious diseases, including: influenza, mumps, rubella, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, leprosy, epidemic and endemic typhus, kala-azar, echinococcosis, silk Insect diseases, in addition to cholera, bacterial and amoebic dysentery, infectious diarrhea other than typhoid and paratyphoid, hand, foot and mouth disease.
Human and animal common infectious diseases
Common communism for humans and animals refers to any infectious disease that can be transmitted to humans by humans or transmitted to humans by humans. It can be transmitted directly to humans and animals, or transmitted by disease vectors (such as mosquitoes) to other organisms. These pathogens include fungi, bacteria, viruses and protozoa. In the language using the Latin alphabet, the vocabulary is mostly from Greek. The word "zoon" representing the animal plus the "nosos" representing the disease, the two words are merged into one. Many of these infectious diseases cause serious physiology of the patient. Variety.
Most human prehistoric history has undergone the process of collecting hunter-gatherers. These tribes have few individuals and are rarely in contact with other settlements. Therefore, based on epidemics or pandemics that lack corresponding immunity, they will communicate in the tribe. Or a tragedy caused by the war. From a biological point of view, in order to continue the survival of offspring, biological pathogens must evolve into chronic infections, coexist with the host for a longer period of time, or have a reservoir other than humans in nature to facilitate the passage of other animals. The machine spreads, but in fact some diseases are accidental and unfortunate for human beings. In some cases, human beings are only dead-end hosts, that is, after the pathogens enter the human body, they can either reproduce or fail. After living through a complete life history, but in the body, but can no longer be transmitted to other individuals, such conditions occur in diseases such as rabies, anthrax, rabbit fever, West Nile virus, etc., it can be inferred that some diseases are only in humans and Animals are common but not epidemic.
Many diseases, even epidemics, arise from the common characteristics of humans and animals. It is not easy to distinguish which diseases have evolved from animals to humans, but there is evidence that measles, smallpox, influenza, diphtheria and so on. AIDS, colds and tuberculosis are also from species other than humans. Today's human and animal diseases have attracted close attention in the world, because they are usually undiscovered diseases in the past, or the virulence is enhanced during the evolution, or accidentally transmitted to ethnic groups or species that do not have immunity against the disease, mainly produced The factors that change the range of infected species are human exposure to wild species.
In 1918, a strain of influenza virus, mutated due to the unstable nature of genetic material, recombined genes, finally triggered global influenza in Spain, causing a large number of deaths.
In 1999, the West Nile virus was introduced from Africa to New York City and spread throughout the United States within three years.
In 1999, the Labai virus broke out in the Malay Peninsula. It was caused by the virus carried by wild bats in the pig pen and continued to change in the pigs. Because the pigs were closer to humans in genetics, they finally became infected. Local farmers and caused 105 deaths.
In 2002, atypical pneumonia broke out in Guangdong, China. Today it is called SARS, which is a human species introduced by bats.
At the beginning of the 21st century, many scientists were more worried that avian flu would affect humans through variability, but because human beings have no corresponding resilience, they may become human catastrophe. Since avian flu can infect pigs and birds, if the existing human and pig flu viruses and avian flu viruses infect a pig at the same time, and exchange virus composition, it will organically make the virus that is not capable of infecting humans become human. Threat.
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