What are the disinfection methods for infectious diseases?

Disinfection purpose and method

What are the disinfection methods for infectious diseases?

Infectious disease disinfection is the use of physical or chemical methods to eliminate the retention of different media.
Pathogens, which cut off the route of transmission and prevent and control the occurrence of infection. Its purpose:
(1) Preventing the spread of pathogens into society and causing epidemics.
(2) Prevent the patient from being infected by other pathogens, complications, and cross infection.
(3) It also protects medical staff from immune infections.

Disinfection alone is not enough to achieve the above objectives. It is necessary to carry out the necessary isolation measures and aseptic operations at work in order to achieve the effect of controlling infection. The effects of disinfection are different for infectious diseases caused by different transmission mechanisms. Infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the pathogens are excreted with excrement or vomit, and the scope of pollution is relatively limited. If the disinfection can be carried out in a timely and normal manner, the transmission route is cut off, and the effect of interrupting the transmission is better. Respiratory infectious diseases, pathogens are discharged with breathing, coughing, sneezing, and then spread by droplets and dust. The scope of pollution is not accurate. It is difficult to carry out disinfection. Space separation must be taken at the same time to interrupt the infection. Insect-borne diseases take methods such as killing insects and killing rats.


Type of disinfection
There are two types of disinfection and preventive disinfection. Disinfection of the epidemic source refers to the area where the source of infection (the patient or the carrier of the pathogen) exists, and disinfection is carried out to prevent the pathogen from being transmitted in vitro. Preventive disinfection refers to the disinfection of items, places and human bodies that may be contaminated by pathogens without the source of infection. Such as disinfection in public places, disinfection of transport vehicles, disinfection of drinking water and tableware, washing hands before and after meals. In the hospital, disinfection of the operating room, patients with severe immune damage, such as preventive isolation and disinfection measures for bone marrow transplant patients are also preventive disinfection.

The disinfection of the epidemic source is divided into two types: disinfection at any time and terminal disinfection. Disinfection at any time refers to the timely disinfection and elimination of pathogenic microorganisms discharged from pollution sources. Terminal disinfection refers to the thorough disinfection of the place of origin of the source of infection after hospitalization, recovery or death, in order to completely eliminate the pathogenic microorganisms left by the infectious disease. After the infection source in the hospital stops quarantining and discharge, the disinfection of the articles and wards is also terminal disinfection.