Common sense of infectious disease prevention in autumn and winter: several common infectious diseases

With the arrival of the autumn and winter seasons, the temperature gradually declines, the weather is cold, and the wind is dry and dry, which is a high incidence of some intestinal infectious diseases, insect-borne diseases and respiratory infectious diseases. What are the common infectious diseases in autumn and winter?

Common sense of infectious disease prevention in autumn and winter: several common infectious diseases

1. Influenza: referred to as influenza, is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus. The main source of infection is patients and virus carriers. It is the most contagious in the first three days before the onset of the disease. The spread of the virus with sneezing, coughing, or talking

Main manifestations: rapid onset, high fever, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, general malaise, nasal congestion, sore throat and dry cough, a small number of patients may have nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms.

2. Common cold: main performance: sore throat, nasal congestion and runny nose, tears, sneezing, mild fever, headache and sore throat, rarely have symptoms of high fever and body aches, short onset.

3. Chickenpox: Acne is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella zoster virus infection.


Mainly manifested as skin rash, papules, chickenpox, may be associated with fever, headache, sore throat and other upper respiratory symptoms. Chickenpox is highly contagious. Mainly through respiratory droplets or direct contact infection

4. Hand foot and mouth disease: The child has a slight fever, blisters inside the mouth, sometimes accompanied by pain, forming a superficial ulcer of the mouth. One to two days after the illness, blisters appear on the patient's hands and feet (more common on the patient's fingers, the back of the hands and the skin of the instep), but it does not itch or pain.

5. Measles: Measles is an acute respiratory infection caused by measles virus. It is characterized by fever, cough, runny nose, eyelid congestion, oral mucosal rash and systemic maculopapular rash. Measles is transmitted through respiratory droplets, and the patient is the only infectious disease that can achieve lasting immunity after illness.

6. Hepatitis A: It is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by hepatitis A virus, which is mainly transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Clinical manifestations include fever, jaundice, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

7. Mumps: Mumps is a utensil or toy contaminated by the saliva of patients and healthy carriers. The virus invades the upper respiratory tract mucosa and grows locally. The patient may have burnout, chills, loss of appetite, low fever, headache. After the symptoms, there will be a side of the gland enlargement or both sides of the parotid gland at the same time swollen and deformed, local pain, often spread to the adjacent submandibular gland, subthalamic and cervical lymph nodes.